Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Extra adrenal paraganglioma (PGL) account for approximately 15% of all pheochromocytoma. Urinary bladder & mediastinum are rarest form of PGL. We present a case of bladder &Mediastinal PGL with a novel mutation in exon 1 of SDHB gene.Case Report: 18 years old male patient was admitted with five years episodic symptoms of headache, sweating, and palpitations, especially after urination. He also complained of postural dizziness for la...

Objectives: Evaluation of the HPA axis is still a big challenge. This study was performed to compare 1 μg ACTH, 250 μg ACTH and glucagon tests for evaluation of HPA axis in healthy male and female subjects with different ages.Materials and methods: This study was carried out on 57 healthy individuals (29 men, 28 women) between 20 and 70 years of age (the number and gender of the subjects are approximately equal for each decade). Low dose short ...

Heterotrimeric G-proteins are important molecular switches that transduce extracellular ligand-binding at G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to intracellular signals. G-protein alpha-subunits (Gα) have two domains, a helical and GTPase domain, which provide structural stability and mediate GTPase activity, respectively. Gain-of-function Gα mutations cause endocrine conditions including McCune-Albright Syndrome, due to Gαs mutations, and a...

Heterotrimeric G-proteins are important molecular switches that transduce extracellular ligand-binding at G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to intracellular signals. G-protein alpha-subunits (Gα) have two domains, a helical and GTPase domain, which provide structural stability and mediate GTPase activity, respectively. Gain-of-function Gα mutations cause endocrine conditions including McCune-Albright Syndrome, due to Gαs mutations, and a...

Introduction: Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is a non-classical HLA-class Ib molecule with multiple immunoregulatory properties. Its main role is the maintenance of tolerance between maternal immune system and semiallogenic fetus. The expression of HLA-G antigen has been reported in several cancers and seems to play an important role in the escape of tumour cells from immune surveillance. A 14 bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in exon 8 of the 3′ untranslated region ...

Mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), G-protein alpha-11 subunit (Gα11), and adaptor protein-2 sigma subunit (AP2σ) resulting in a loss-of-function, cause familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia types 1-3 (FHH1-3), respectively. We investigated a family with FHH (four affected and two unaffected members) for CaSR, Gα11 and AP2σ mutations, and identified a heterozygous Gα11 missense mutation, Phe220Ser, which is predicted to disrupt a cluster o...

Despite the fact that iodine deficiency (ID) can easily be prevented by iodine fortification of table salt, industrial salt and cattle food, Europe belongs to the worst regions in terms of access to iodized salt and is seriously iodine deficient, resulting in the perpetuation of the single most important, preventable cause of brain damage. Up to an estimated 360 million European citizens are exposed to ID, which is not only due to variable iodine provision, it is also rooted i...

There is controversy on the upper thyrotropin (TSH) reference level. Currently available studies are based on cross-sectional data leaving uncertainty about the prognostic significance of the upper TSH reference level. Studies establishing TSH reference values should be evaluated using strict quality criteria including population representativeness and sample size. In addition, not only subjects with known thyroid disorder, but also those with subclinical disorders including g...

IntroductionThe Sodium Iodide Symporter (NIS) is responsible for the active transport of iodide into thyroid cells. Most of differentiated thyroid carcinomas (TC) retain the functional expression of NIS, which allows the use of radioiodide (RAI) as the systemic treatment of choice for metastatic disease. Still, a significant proportion of patients with advanced thyroid cancer fail to respond to RAI therapy (refractory-TC), which makes their management ve...

TSH regulates thyroid function trough the receptor coupled to heterotrimeric G-protein composed of α, β and gamma subunits. The activation of α s /adenylyl cyclase mediated pathway accounts for most of TSH biological effects. TSH can also induce the other G-α protein mediated activities. Five different isoforms of β subunit have been described and it can be assumed that specific α-β combination are essential for functional differentiation of ...